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I. Study Guide: 
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A. General Guideline:

1. Study the summary in each chapter.
2. Review previous study guides and previous tests.
3. Study homeworks.
4. Study the lecture notes.
5. Study the worksheets.
6. Study those sample codes shown in the class and lab.
7. Study the textbook.
8. Do the review questions and exercises.
9. Do quiz tests at http://www.w3schools.com/.

B. Review for the final exam:

1. Understand the basic terminologies.
2. Understand HTML and know how to write a HTML document (Chap 2).
3. Understand CSS and know to write a CSS document. (Chap 3)
4. Understand XML and DTD know how to write them. (Chap 8)
5. Understand the Perl and know how to write a Perl program. Know how
   to use regular expressions (chap 9).
6. Understand using Perl for CGI programming and know how to write a CGI 
   program. (Chap 10)
7. Understand the Web servers and servlets and know how to write a servlet. 
   (Chap 11)
8. Understand the PHP and know how to write a PHP program (chap 12).
9. Understand basic SQL, and how to access MySQL through JDBC, Perl,
   PHP. (Chap 13)
10. Understand basic Java language. (Appendix A)

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II. Sample Questions:
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A. Multiple Choice Questions:

(b) 1. Which is the MIME type of external style sheets?
       (a) text/ess (b) text/css (c) text/richtext (d) text/html

(a) 2. In which tag do document style specifications appear?
       (a) <style> (b) <type> (c) <property> (d) <spec>

(d) 3. Which tag is designed for a phrase in a line to appear in a 
       different font size or color?
       (a) <section> (b) <div> (c) <division> (d) <span>

(c) 4. Which is not a legal XML name?
       (a) name (b) first-name (c) 007 (d) luck7

(c) 5. Which XML element is incorrect?
       (a) <BR/> (b) <NAME>Tom</NAME> (c) <BR> (d) <AUTHOR></AUTHOR>

(a) 6. An XML parser performs what function?
       (a) dissects and interprets XML elements
       (b) dissects and interprets HTML documents
       (c) dissects and interprets Word documents
       (d) dissects and interprets HTML files 

(d) 7. When you modify an XML file, what must you do to display the changes?
       (a) modify the HTML file
       (b) modify the DHTML file
       (c) modify the XML file
       (d) modify the CSS file

(b) 8. What term is XSL short for?
       (a) eXtensible Standard Language
       (b) eXtensible Style Language
       (c) eXtensive Style Language
       (d) eXtensive Standard Language

B. Question & Answer:

1. Terminologies:

   1. CSS
   2. XML
   3. SGML
   4. DTD
   5. XSL
   6. XSD

2. Describe three levels of style sheets and their applying range.

Ans:

Inline style sheets apply to the content of a single tag.
Document-level style sheets apply to the whole body of a document. 
External style sheets can apply to the bodies of any number of documents.

3. What are six categories of cascading style sheets?

Ans: They are fonts, colors and backgrounds, text, boxes and layouts, 
     lists, and tags.

4. Describe the XML syntax rules.

Ans:

1) All XML documents must have a root tag.
2) All XML elements must have a closing tag.
3) All XML elements must be properly nested.
4) XML tags are case sensitive.
5) Attribute values must always be quoted.
6) Element names must follow naming rules.

5. What is a well formed XML document?

Ans: An XML document that strictly adheres to XML syntax rules.

6. What are the four possible keywords in a DTD declaration? What are
   they for?

Ans: ELEMENT is used to define tags.
     ATTLIST is used to define tag attributes.
     ENTITY is used to define entities.
     NOTATION is used to define data type notations.

7. What are the four possible default values for an attribute declaration in 
   a DTD?

Ans: A value specifies the value.
     A #FIXED value specifies the value, which every element will have and
     which cannot be changed.
     #REQUIRED specifies every instance of the element must specify a value.
     #IMPLIED indicates no default values.
 
8. How do you specify a parameter entity in a DTD? Give an example.
   What is difference between a general entity and a parameter entity?

Ans: We can use the percent sign (%) to specify a parameter entity.
     For example, <!ENTITY [%] entity_name "entity_value">.
     A general entity can be referenced anywhere in the associated
     XML document; a parameter entity can be referenced only in
     markup declarations.

9. 1) Choose an object and create an XML document to specify the information 
      about this object.
   2) Create a DTD file to specify the elements in this XML document. 
   3) Create a XSD file to specify the elements in this XML document. 
   4) Create a CSS file to display this XML document.
   5) Create an XSL file to display this XML document. 
      (Doing this in Winter break)
   6) Include the CSS file in the Question 3 in this XML document.
   7) Include the XSL file in the Question 4 in this XML document 
      (Doing this in Winter break)

Ans:

1) <?xml version="1.0"?>
   <concerts>
     <concert>
       <performer>Celine Dion</performer>
       <place>Wichita Studium</place>
       <date>2003-1-10</date>
     </concert>
     <concert>
       <performer>Paul McCartney</performer>
       <place>Kansas Studium</place>
       <date>2003-1-20</date>
     </concert>
   </concerts>

2) <!DOCTYPE concerts [
   <!ELEMENT concerts (concert)>
   <!ELEMENT cconcert (performer, place, date)>
   <!ELEMENT performer (#PCDATA)>
   <!ELEMENT place (#PCDATA)>
   <!ELEMENT date (#PCDATA)>
   ]>

3) <?xml version="1.0" ?>
   <xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
   <xsd:complexType name="concerts" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="unbounded" />
     <xsd:sequence>
       <xsd:complexType name="concert">
         <xsd:sequence>
           <xsd:element name="performer" type="xsd:string" />
           <xsd:element name="place" type="xsd:string" />
           <xsd:element name="date" type="xsd:date" />
         </xsd:sequence>
       </xsd:complexType>
     </xsd:sequence>
   </xsd:complexType>
   </xsd:schema>

4) concerts
   {
     background-color: #ffffff;
     width: 100%;
   }
   concert
   {
     display: block;
     margin-bottom: 30pt;
     margin-left: 0;
   }
   performer
   {
     color: #FF0000;
     font-size: 20pt;
   }
   place
   {
     color: #0000FF;
     font-size: 20pt;
   }
   date
   {
     color: #000000;
     margin-left: 20pt;
   }

5) <?xml version="1.0" ?>
   <xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/TR/WD-xsl">
     <xsl:template match="/">
     <html>
     <body>
     <table>
     <tr>
       <th>Performer</th>
       <th>Place</th>
       <th>Date</th>
     </tr>
     <xsl:for-each select="concerts/concert" order-by="+ date">
     <tr>
       <td><xsl:value-of select="performer" /></td>
       <td><xsl:value-of select="place" /></td>
       <td><xsl:value-of select="date" /></td>
     </tr>
     </xsl:for-each>
     </table>
     </body>
     </html>
     </xsl:template>
   </xsl:stylesheet>

6) <?xml version="1.0"?>
   <?xml-stylesheet type="text/css" href="concert.css"?>
   <concerts>
     <concert>
       <performer>Celine Dion</performer>
       <place>Wichita Studium</place>
       <date>2003-1-10</date>
     </concert>
     <concert>
       <performer>Paul McCartney</performer>
       <place>Kansas Studium</place>
       <date>2003-1-20</date>
     </concert>
   </concerts>

7) <?xml version="1.0"?>
   <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="concert.xsl" ?>
   <concerts>
     <concert>
       <performer>Celine Dion</performer>
       <place>Wichita Studium</place>
       <date>2003-1-10</date>
     </concert>
     <concert>
       <performer>Paul McCartney</performer>
       <place>Kansas Studium</place>
       <date>2003-1-20</date>
     </concert>
   </concerts>

10. 1) Write a HTML document with a text input form to collect the user's 
       name. This HTML document will request a CGI program thanks.pl in 
       the cgi directory of your account at kirk.cs.wichita.edu:6550.
    2) Write the CGI program thanks.pl that stores the user's name into a 
       file name.dat and returns a thanks message with the user's name to 
       the user's browser.
       Hint: Use the following functions in CGI.pm:
       param(), header(), start\_html(), and end\_html().
Ans:
1)
<html>
<head>
<title>HTML to call the CGI-Perl program thanks.pl</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action = "http://kirk.cs.wichita.edu:6550/cgi/cs655/thanks.pl"
      method = "POST">
<input type = "text"  name = "name"  size = "20">
<input type = "submit"  value = "Submit">
</form>
</body>
</html>

2)
#!/usr/bin/perl
# thanks.pl - a CGI program that stores the name into name.dat and
#             returns a thanks message to the user

use CGI qw(:standard);

open (OUT, ">name.dat");
my $name = param("name");
print OUT "$name\n";
print header();
print start_html("Thank You");
print "$name! Thanks You!";
print end_html();